Google Sheets Formula Reference

Learn how to use the ABS function in Google Sheets to return the absolute value of a number. Includes syntax, real-world examples, and common mistakes.

Learn how to calculate averages in Google Sheets with AVERAGE and AVERAGEIF. Includes syntax, conditional averaging examples, and common pitfalls.

Learn how to use COUNTIF in Google Sheets to count cells matching a condition. Includes text matching, wildcards, comparison operators, and date criteria.

Learn how to use COUNTIFS in Google Sheets to count cells matching multiple conditions. Includes date ranges, text criteria, and wildcard patterns.

Learn how to use MAX and MIN in Google Sheets to find the largest and smallest values in a range. Includes syntax, examples, and practical use cases.

Learn how to use ROUND, ROUNDUP, and ROUNDDOWN in Google Sheets to control decimal precision. Includes syntax, examples, and when to use each.

Learn how to use SUMIF in Google Sheets to sum values based on a condition. Includes wildcard matching, date criteria, and comparison operators.

Learn how to use SUMIFS in Google Sheets to sum values with multiple conditions. Includes date ranges, text criteria, and comparison operators.

Learn how to use AND, OR, and NOT functions in Google Sheets to build multi-condition logic. Includes syntax breakdowns, practical examples, and common pitfalls.

Learn how to use the IF function in Google Sheets with practical examples. Nested IF, IF with AND/OR, and common mistakes explained.

Learn how to use IFERROR in Google Sheets to handle errors gracefully. Includes examples with VLOOKUP, division, FILTER, and best practices for clean spreadsheets.

Learn how to use the IFS function in Google Sheets to evaluate multiple conditions without nesting IF statements. Includes syntax, practical examples, and common mistakes.

Learn how to use ISBLANK in Google Sheets to check whether a cell is empty. Includes syntax, practical examples with IF and COUNTIF, and common mistakes.

Learn how to use the SWITCH function in Google Sheets to match an expression against a list of cases and return the corresponding value. Includes syntax, examples, and tips.

Learn how to use ARRAYFORMULA in Google Sheets to apply a formula to an entire column at once. Includes examples with IF, VLOOKUP, and calculated columns.

Learn how to use the FILTER function in Google Sheets to extract rows matching conditions. Includes multiple criteria, OR logic, and combining with other functions.

Learn how to use the SORT function in Google Sheets to reorder rows by one or more columns. Includes syntax breakdown, practical examples, and common mistakes.

Learn how to use the TRANSPOSE function in Google Sheets to flip rows into columns and columns into rows. Includes syntax, examples, and common mistakes.

Learn how to use UNIQUE in Google Sheets to extract distinct values from a range. Includes single-column, multi-column, and combined examples with SORT and FILTER.

Learn how to use CONCATENATE in Google Sheets to join text from multiple cells. Includes alternatives like the ampersand operator and TEXTJOIN.

Learn how to use LEFT, RIGHT, and MID functions in Google Sheets to extract parts of text. Includes practical examples for parsing codes, dates, and IDs.

Learn how to use the LEN function in Google Sheets to count the number of characters in a cell. Includes syntax, examples, and practical use cases.

Learn how to change text case in Google Sheets with LOWER, UPPER, and PROPER. Includes syntax, real-world examples, and common mistakes to avoid.

Learn how to use REGEXEXTRACT in Google Sheets to pull text matching a regular expression pattern. Includes syntax, examples, and common mistakes.

Learn how to use REGEXMATCH in Google Sheets to test whether text matches a regular expression pattern. Includes syntax, pattern examples, and common mistakes.

Learn how to use the SPLIT function in Google Sheets to divide text into separate cells by a delimiter. Includes syntax, examples, and troubleshooting tips.

Learn how to use SUBSTITUTE in Google Sheets to find and replace text within cells. Includes case-sensitive replacement, specific occurrence targeting, and data cleaning examples.

Learn how to use the TEXT function in Google Sheets to format numbers, dates, and times as readable strings. Includes syntax, format codes, and examples.

Learn how to use the TRIM function in Google Sheets to remove extra whitespace from text. Includes syntax, practical examples, and common pitfalls.

Learn how to use the DATEDIF function in Google Sheets to calculate the difference between two dates in years, months, or days. Includes examples and gotchas.

Learn how to use NETWORKDAYS in Google Sheets to calculate the number of working days between two dates, excluding weekends and holidays. Includes syntax, examples, and tips.

Learn how to use TODAY and NOW in Google Sheets to insert live dates and timestamps. Includes syntax, examples, and tips for freezing values.

Learn how to use GOOGLEFINANCE in Google Sheets to pull live and historical stock prices, market data, and currency exchange rates. Includes syntax, attributes, and examples.

Learn how to use the PMT function in Google Sheets to calculate loan payments, mortgage installments, and savings contributions. Includes syntax, examples, and common mistakes.

Learn how to use GOOGLETRANSLATE in Google Sheets to translate text between languages directly inside your spreadsheet. Includes syntax, language codes, and practical examples.

Learn how to use the HYPERLINK function in Google Sheets to create clickable links with custom labels. Includes syntax, examples for URLs, emails, and internal links.

Learn how to use the IMAGE function in Google Sheets to insert images from URLs directly into cells. Includes syntax, sizing modes, and practical examples.

Learn how to use IMPORTDATA in Google Sheets to pull CSV and TSV data from a URL directly into your spreadsheet. Includes syntax, real examples, and troubleshooting tips.

Learn how to use IMPORTHTML in Google Sheets to import tables and lists from web pages. Includes syntax, real-world examples, and troubleshooting advice.

Learn how to use IMPORTRANGE in Google Sheets to pull data from another spreadsheet. Includes permission setup, combining with other functions, and troubleshooting.

Learn how to use IMPORTXML in Google Sheets to extract data from web pages using XPath queries. Includes syntax, XPath examples, and scraping tips.

Learn how to use INDEX MATCH in Google Sheets as a powerful VLOOKUP alternative. Left lookups, two-way lookups, and multiple criteria explained.

Learn how to use the INDEX function in Google Sheets to retrieve a value from a specific row and column position within a range. Practical examples and INDEX-MATCH patterns included.

Learn how to use the INDIRECT function in Google Sheets to create dynamic cell references from text strings. Includes syntax, examples, and pitfalls.

Learn how to use the MATCH function in Google Sheets to find the position of a value within a range. Includes syntax, match types, INDEX-MATCH examples, and common mistakes.

Learn how to use the OFFSET function in Google Sheets to create dynamic ranges that shift based on a starting cell. Includes syntax, examples with SUM and charts, and common mistakes.

Learn how to use VLOOKUP in Google Sheets to search for data across columns. Includes exact match, approximate match, and cross-sheet examples.

Learn how to use XLOOKUP in Google Sheets as a modern replacement for VLOOKUP. Includes exact match, reverse search, wildcard, and missing-value handling.

Learn how to use the QUERY function in Google Sheets with SQL-like syntax. Includes SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, and LABEL examples.

Learn how to use the SPARKLINE function in Google Sheets to create miniature charts inside cells. Includes syntax for line, bar, column, and win/loss charts.